Which documents must a pilot ensure are onboard before flying an experimental aircraft?

Before flying an experimental aircraft, it is crucial for a pilot to ensure that the operating limitations and flight manual are onboard. The operating limitations document is particularly important because it outlines the specific restrictions and conditions under which the aircraft can safely operate. This includes information about the aircraft’s systems, performance parameters, and any particular operating procedures necessary for the safe operation of the experimental aircraft.

The flight manual also provides essential information to the pilot, including system descriptions, emergency procedures, and performance data that may not be found in conventional aircraft manuals. Since experimental aircraft may not conform to standard aviation production models, having the operating limitations and flight manual helps ensure that the pilot operates the aircraft within its approved parameters and ensures safety during flight.

While weight and balance calculations, the pilot's license, and flight logs are important for general aviation operations, they are not specific legal requirements for experimental aircraft operation in the same manner as the operating limitations and flight manual. Thus, having the correct documentation relevant to the experimental status is vital for compliance and safety in such operations.