What is the primary effect of wind shear on an aircraft?

Wind shear refers to a sudden change in wind speed or direction over a short distance, either horizontally or vertically, and can significantly impact an aircraft's performance during flight, especially during takeoff and landing phases. The primary effect of wind shear on an aircraft is its influence on altitude control. When an aircraft encounters wind shear, it may experience abrupt changes in lift and drag due to the varying wind speeds around it. This can result in sudden altitude changes, which can make it difficult for pilots to maintain a stable altitude.

For instance, if an aircraft is climbing and suddenly encounters a downdraft caused by wind shear, it may lose altitude unexpectedly, requiring immediate corrective action from the pilot. Conversely, if the aircraft hits an updraft, it might gain altitude rapidly. Thus, the ability of the pilot to control altitude is critically challenged during these conditions, requiring vigilant monitoring and quick responses to maintain safe flight levels. Understanding this impact is crucial for promoting safety and ensuring effective handling of the aircraft in varied weather conditions.