What is one of the main functions of flaps during approach and landing?

Flaps play a crucial role in the approach and landing phase of flight by altering the aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft. One of their primary functions is to increase the angle of descent without increasing airspeed. When flaps are extended, they modify the airflow around the wings, increasing lift at lower speeds. This allows the aircraft to maintain a slower approach speed while still providing adequate lift, which is essential for a safe landing.

By increasing the angle of descent, flaps enable pilots to approach the runway more steeply while controlling the descent rate. This is particularly advantageous in situations where obstacle clearance is necessary or when precise landing spot placement is required. The increased lift generated by the flaps helps to prevent stalling by ensuring that the aircraft can descend at a controlled rate without needing to increase the airspeed excessively. In summary, the extension of flaps is instrumental in safely managing the approach and landing phase by allowing for a steeper descent angle while maintaining a safe speed.