What action should a pilot take when encountering another aircraft head-on?

When two aircraft are approaching each other head-on, the appropriate action according to the rules of the road in aviation is for both pilots to give way to the right. This is based on the established convention designed to enhance safety and avoid collisions. By both aircraft turning to the right, they create a predictable maneuver that minimizes the chance of miscommunication or misjudgment regarding the aircraft's actions, ensuring both pilots can see and avoid each other effectively.

This rule is foundational in maintaining situational awareness and safe separation in aviation. It applies regardless of their altitude or speed, ensuring a standardized response during these encounters. The other options do not align with the standard procedures outlined in the aeronautical regulations for avoiding collisions, which is why they are less suitable.