If an in-flight emergency requires immediate action, what action may the pilot in command take?

In situations involving in-flight emergencies that demand immediate action, the pilot in command is given the authority to deviate from established regulations as outlined in 14 CFR Part 91. This flexibility is essential, as adhering strictly to regulations may not be practical or safe during an emergency. The regulations are designed with the understanding that the safety of the aircraft and its occupants is the highest priority.

When faced with an emergency, a pilot may need to take actions that would typically violate regulations, such as altering course, changing altitude, or, in some cases, landing in an unapproved location. The law recognizes the need for pilots to respond to these critical situations in a manner they judge to be most effective for maintaining safety. After the emergency situation has been resolved, the pilot will be expected to notify appropriate authorities and report the incident, but immediate action can supersede other regulatory requirements to ensure the safety of all on board.

On the other hand, options that suggest notifying ATC before acting, landing at the nearest airport, or continuing the flight as planned may not provide the necessary urgency required in an emergency scenario. In a true emergency, the priority is immediate response over compliance with standard procedures.